What did Captain Cook name the bay he discovered in New Caledonia?
- Port Sandwich
- Port Resolution
- Botany Bay
- Port Jackson
Correct Answer: Port Resolution
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook named the bay Port Resolution, after his ship, the Resolution.
Which island did Captain Cook visit that was known for having a volcano?
- Anamocka
- Amattafoa
- Tanna
- Mallicollo
Correct Answer: Amattafoa
Correct Answer Explanation: Amattafoa, one of the islands in the Friendly Isles, was known for its volcano, which Cook noted was evident by the smoke rising from the island.
What unique method did the natives of New Caledonia use to remove lice?
- They used a comb with multiple thin sticks spread out like a fan.
- They used a special type of clay that stuck to the lice.
- They used a mixture of herbs and spices that repelled lice.
- They used a small, sharp tool to pick out the lice.
Correct Answer: They used a comb with multiple thin sticks spread out like a fan.
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook observed that the natives of New Caledonia used a unique comb, which he described as being made of multiple thin sticks spread out like a fan, to remove lice.
Which island did Cook’s crew experience poisoning from eating fish?
- Tanna
- Mallicollo
- New Caledonia
- Anamocka
Correct Answer: Mallicollo
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook noted that the crew became ill after eating fish from Mallicollo, illustrating the dangers of unfamiliar foods in new environments.
What was the name of the island where Captain Cook’s crew encountered a “custom-house officer”?
- Tanna
- Mallicollo
- Anamocka
- Amattafoa
Correct Answer: Anamocka
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook encountered a man who acted as a “custom-house officer” on Anamocka, collecting tribute from other islanders and trading goods with the Europeans. This individual demonstrated the complexities of trade and power relations within South Pacific cultures.
Which of these islands did Cook encounter a new species of spruce pine?
- New Caledonia
- Tanna
- Mallicollo
- Anamocka
Correct Answer: New Caledonia
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook discovered a new species of spruce pine in New Caledonia, which he determined was useful for ship spars. This discovery highlights Cook’s keen observation of the natural world and his practical applications of scientific knowledge.
How did Captain Cook prove that the New Hebrides were not part of a southern continent?
- By charting the entire coastline of the islands and finding no connection to any other landmass.
- By observing the geological formations and realizing that they were volcanic in origin.
- By noting that the islands were surrounded by deep water, indicating a lack of any continental shelf.
- By discovering that the inhabitants of the islands spoke a variety of different languages, suggesting they were separate cultures.
Correct Answer: By charting the entire coastline of the islands and finding no connection to any other landmass.
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook’s meticulous charting of the New Hebrides revealed that they were a chain of islands, not part of a larger continent, which challenged earlier beliefs and contributed to his overall refutation of the existence of a southern continent.
What did Captain Cook use to prevent and treat scurvy during his voyage?
- Fresh fruits and vegetables
- Malt, sourkraut, and portable broth
- Vitamin C supplements
- Antibiotics
Correct Answer: Malt, sourkraut, and portable broth
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook’s account details methods for preventing and treating scurvy, including the use of malt, sourkraut, and portable broth. These methods highlight the importance of proper diet and sanitation in maintaining the health of sailors on long voyages.
Which of these islands did Cook encounter a hot spring?
- Anamocka
- Amattafoa
- Tanna
- Mallicollo
Correct Answer: Tanna
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook encountered several hot springs on Tanna, further illustrating the island’s volcanic activity and the dramatic natural forces at work in the South Pacific.
What term did the natives of Tanna and Mallicollo use for a “hog”?
- Booga
- Hepatoo
- Hippa
- Matta
Correct Answer: Booga
Correct Answer Explanation: “Booga” is the term the natives of Tanna and Mallicollo used for a “hog”. This provides a glimpse into the specific vocabulary used by different South Pacific cultures.
How many men were on board the Resolution during its voyage?
- 105
- 118
- 200
- 300
Correct Answer: 118
Correct Answer Explanation: The Resolution, Cook’s ship, had a crew of 118 men during its voyage, which highlights the scale of the expedition and the reliance on a large team of skilled individuals.
What was the name of the island where Cook encountered the natives who kept locks of hair from their deceased relatives?
- Anamocka
- Amattafoa
- Tanna
- Mallicollo
Correct Answer: Tanna
Correct Answer Explanation: The natives of Tanna wore locks of hair from their deceased relatives as amulets around their necks, showcasing their unique cultural beliefs and practices related to death and mourning.
What was the name of the island where Cook discovered a new species of spruce pine that was useful for ship spars?
- New Caledonia
- Tanna
- Mallicollo
- Anamocka
Correct Answer: New Caledonia
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook’s discovery of a new species of spruce pine in New Caledonia highlights his keen observation of the natural world and his ability to identify potentially useful resources during his expeditions.
What did Cook call the natives of New Caledonia who attempted to steal a boat from his crew?
- “Traitors”
- “Thieves”
- “Cannibals”
- “Barbarians”
Correct Answer: “Traitors”
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook named the bay where the natives attempted to steal a boat “Traitor’s Head” due to their actions, highlighting the potential dangers of encountering unfamiliar cultures and the importance of being cautious during expeditions.
What did Cook use to measure the temperature of a hot spring in Tanna?
- A Fahrenheit thermometer
- A Celsius thermometer
- A mercury barometer
- A compass
Correct Answer: A Fahrenheit thermometer
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook employed a Fahrenheit thermometer to measure the temperature of the hot spring in Tanna, demonstrating the scientific instruments and methods used during his expeditions.
How many geese did Cook’s crew shoot in Christmas Sound?
- 10
- 20
- 62
- 100
Correct Answer: 62
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook’s crew successfully shot 62 geese in Christmas Sound, showcasing their hunting skills and the abundance of wildlife found in the region.
What did Cook observe about the natives of Mallicollo?
- They used poisoned arrows.
- They had no concept of dogs.
- They had a unique language.
- All of the above.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook observed that the natives of Mallicollo used poisoned arrows, had no concept of dogs, and spoke a unique language, highlighting the diversity of cultures and practices found within the South Pacific.
Which of the following islands did Cook encounter a group of natives who were more affected by leprosy than others?
- Anamocka
- Amattafoa
- Tanna
- Mallicollo
Correct Answer: Anamocka
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook observed that the people of Anamocka were more affected by leprosy than other islanders, showcasing the prevalence of disease in certain communities and the challenges faced by these individuals.
What did Cook name the harbor he discovered on Mallicollo?
- Port Sandwich
- Port Resolution
- Botany Bay
- Port Jackson
Correct Answer: Port Sandwich
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook named the safe and well-sheltered harbor on Mallicollo Port Sandwich, which was a common practice of naming locations after prominent figures or institutions of the time.
Which of the following is NOT one of the key findings of Cook’s second voyage?
- Cook refutes the theory of a southern continent.
- The voyage provides valuable information about different South Pacific cultures and languages.
- The voyage establishes a permanent settlement in the South Pacific.
- Cook’s account details methods for preventing and treating scurvy.
Correct Answer: The voyage establishes a permanent settlement in the South Pacific.
Correct Answer Explanation: While Cook’s voyages were significant in exploring the South Pacific, they did not establish permanent settlements, which was a different kind of objective than the scientific exploration that Cook primarily focused on.
What was the total distance sailed by the Resolution during its circumnavigation of the globe?
- 10,000 leagues
- 15,000 leagues
- 20,000 leagues
- 25,000 leagues
Correct Answer: 20,000 leagues
Correct Answer Explanation: The Resolution, Cook’s ship, sailed a total of 20,000 leagues during its circumnavigation of the globe, showcasing the immense distance covered and the challenges faced by the crew during this expedition.
What was the greatest angle of roll observed on the Resolution?
- 18°
- 28°
- 38°
- 48°
Correct Answer: 38°
Correct Answer Explanation: The Resolution experienced a maximum roll of 38°, which highlights the potential dangers of navigating the open ocean and the forces that could affect a ship’s stability.
What was the name of the “fowl” or “chicken” as used in the language of the Society Isles?
- Moa
- Oo’r_oo_
- Par_oo_
- Matta
Correct Answer: Moa
Correct Answer Explanation: “Moa” was the term for “fowl” or “chicken” used in the language of the Society Isles, demonstrating the distinct vocabulary employed by different South Pacific cultures.
What did Cook name the island near New Caledonia that was named for the abundance of plants found there?
- Botany Isle
- Isle of Georgia
- Sandwich Land
- Saunders’s Isle
Correct Answer: Botany Isle
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook named the island near New Caledonia “Botany Isle” due to the abundance of plant life found there, highlighting his scientific interests and the importance of botanical discoveries during his expeditions.
What was the greatest angle of heel observed on the Resolution?
- 8°
- 18°
- 28°
- 38°
Correct Answer: 18°
Correct Answer Explanation: The Resolution experienced a maximum heel of 18°, showcasing the potential instability of a ship at sea and the skill of the crew in managing these conditions.
Which of these islands was described as covered in snow and ice by Captain Cook?
- Tanna
- Mallicollo
- New Caledonia
- Isle of Georgia
Correct Answer: Isle of Georgia
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook described the Isle of Georgia as being covered in snow and ice, highlighting his observations of the harsh climate and unique geography of the southern polar regions.
What was the name of the fortified place or stronghold built by the natives of New Zealand?
- Hippa
- Hepatoo
- Maray
- Matta
Correct Answer: Hippa
Correct Answer Explanation: “Hippa” was the term for a fortified place or stronghold built by the natives of New Zealand, showcasing their defensive structures and the importance of security within their communities.
What did Cook use to determine the longitude of James Fort in St Helena?
- Lunar observations
- The ship’s watch
- A compass
- A sextant
Correct Answer: Lunar observations
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook utilized lunar observations to determine the longitude of James Fort in St Helena, demonstrating his reliance on celestial navigation and the methods used to pinpoint locations at sea.
What was the estimated number of natives in the area of Grass Cove, New Zealand, according to Lieutenant Burney?
- 500-1000
- 1000-1500
- 1500-2000
- 2000-2500
Correct Answer: 1500-2000
Correct Answer Explanation: Lieutenant Burney, a member of Cook’s crew, estimated that there were 1500-2000 natives in the area of Grass Cove, New Zealand, providing a glimpse into the population density of certain regions during this time.
What was the weight of a single yam harvested on Tanna?
- 20 pounds
- 30 pounds
- 40 pounds
- 56 pounds
Correct Answer: 56 pounds
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook noted that a single yam harvested on Tanna weighed 56 pounds, showcasing the size and abundance of agricultural crops found on some South Pacific islands.
What was the name of the chief or leader in the South Pacific islands, particularly in the Friendly Isles?
- Areeke
- Booga
- Hepatoo
- Hippa
Correct Answer: Areeke
Correct Answer Explanation: “Areeke” was the term for a chief or leader in the South Pacific islands, particularly in the Friendly Isles, providing insight into the social hierarchy and leadership structures of these communities.
What did Cook discover that was named for the abundance of spruce pine trees?
- Botany Isle
- Isle of Georgia
- Sandwich Land
- Saunders’s Isle
Correct Answer: Botany Isle
Correct Answer Explanation: Botany Isle, located near New Caledonia, was named for the abundance of spruce pine trees that Cook observed during his explorations, showcasing his appreciation for the natural world and its resources.
What was the name of the burial place or sacred site in the South Pacific?
- Maray
- Hepatoo
- Hippa
- Matta
Correct Answer: Maray
Correct Answer Explanation: “Maray” was the term for a burial place or sacred site in the South Pacific, showcasing the importance of respecting the dead and the spiritual beliefs held by these communities.
Which of the following was NOT a discovery made by Captain Cook during his second voyage?
- Isle of Georgia
- Sandwich Land
- Saunders’s Isle
- Botany Bay
Correct Answer: Botany Bay
Correct Answer Explanation: Botany Bay was discovered by James Cook during his first voyage, not his second.
What did Cook observe about the natives of Tanna?
- They practiced cannibalism.
- They used darts with poison-coated points.
- They had no concept of a dog.
- All of the above.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook observed that the natives of Tanna practiced cannibalism, used darts with poison-coated points, and had no concept of a dog, showcasing the unique and sometimes unsettling practices of this particular culture.
What was the southernmost latitude reached by Cook during his second voyage?
- 50° S
- 55° S
- 60° S
- 61° S
Correct Answer: 61° S
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook reached a southernmost latitude of 61° S during his second voyage, showcasing the extent of his explorations and his determination to push the boundaries of geographical knowledge.
Which island did Cook encounter a group of natives who had never encountered dogs before?
- Anamocka
- Amattafoa
- Tanna
- Mallicollo
Correct Answer: Tanna
Correct Answer Explanation: The natives of Tanna, a group encountered by Cook during his second voyage, had never encountered dogs before, highlighting their isolation and lack of contact with other cultures, which was a common theme among some of the South Pacific islands.
Which island was known for the natives having little to offer in trade?
- New Caledonia
- Tanna
- Mallicollo
- Anamocka
Correct Answer: New Caledonia
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook noted that the natives of New Caledonia were less interested in European goods like nails and cloth than other South Pacific islanders, suggesting a different set of priorities and trading patterns within this particular culture.
What did Cook use to determine the longitude of Fernando de Noronha?
- Lunar observations
- The ship’s watch
- A compass
- A sextant
Correct Answer: The ship’s watch
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook used his ship’s watch to determine the longitude of Fernando de Noronha, demonstrating the reliance on timekeeping devices in nautical navigation and the ongoing efforts to refine these methods.
What was the name of the spear used by the natives of New Zealand?
- Hepatoo
- Hippa
- Maray
- Matta
Correct Answer: Hepatoo
Correct Answer Explanation: “Hepatoo” was the term for a long spear used by the natives of New Zealand, showcasing their traditional weapons and hunting practices.
What was the estimated circumference of Saunders’s Isle?
- 2 leagues
- 4 leagues
- 8-10 leagues
- 15 leagues
Correct Answer: 8-10 leagues
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook estimated that Saunders’s Isle, a small island discovered during his second voyage, had a circumference of 8-10 leagues, highlighting his ability to make assessments of size and scale even when limited by available tools and methods.
What was the difference in longitude between the Cape Town and the ship’s watch, on arrival in Table Bay?
- 10′
- 18′
- 28′
- 38′
Correct Answer: 18′
Correct Answer Explanation: The difference in longitude between Cape Town and the ship’s watch, upon arrival in Table Bay, was 18′, showcasing the accuracy of the ship’s timekeeping and the importance of maintaining precise measurements during long voyages.
What was the name of the “strong” as used in the language of the Society Isles?
- O’o’mara
- Oo’r_oo_
- Par_oo_
- Matta
Correct Answer: O’o’mara
Correct Answer Explanation: “O’o’mara” was the term for “strong” used in the language of the Society Isles, providing a glimpse into the vocabulary and cultural values of this particular group.
What was the name of the “breadfruit” as used in the language of the Society Isles?
- Oo’r_oo_
- O’o’mara
- Par_oo_
- Matta
Correct Answer: Oo’r_oo_
Correct Answer Explanation: “Oo’r_oo_” was the term for “breadfruit” used in the language of the Society Isles, showcasing the specific names given to important food sources within these communities.
What was the name of the “division” or “screen” as used in the language of the Society Isles?
- Par_oo_
- Oo’r_oo_
- O’o’mara
- Matta
Correct Answer: Par_oo_
Correct Answer Explanation: “Par_oo_” was the term for a “division” or “screen” used in the language of the Society Isles, demonstrating the nuanced vocabulary and cultural practices of this group.
What was the name of the “eye” as used in the languages of the Society Isles and Easter Island?
- Matta
- Par_oo_
- O’o’mara
- Oo’r_oo_
Correct Answer: Matta
Correct Answer Explanation: “Matta” was the term for “eye” used in the languages of the Society Isles and Easter Island, highlighting the commonalities and variations found in the vocabulary across different South Pacific cultures.
What did Cook observe about the natives of New Caledonia?
- They were ape-like and dark-skinned.
- They were deformed by tight belts.
- They had no concept of goats, hogs, dogs, or cats.
- All of the above.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Correct Answer Explanation: Cook observed that the natives of New Caledonia were ape-like and dark-skinned, deformed by tight belts they wore, and had no concept of goats, hogs, dogs, or cats, which showcases the unique physical characteristics and cultural practices of this group.