Which of these was NOT a type of lace discussed in the book “Chats on Old Lace and Needlework”?
- Brussels lace
- Honiton lace
- Bobbin lace
- Bedfordshire lace
Correct Answer: Bobbin lace
Correct Answer Explanation: While bobbin lace is a type of lace, it is not mentioned in the book specifically as a style of lace. The book focuses on needlepoint and pillow lace and different styles within those categories, such as Venetian, Genoese, Milanese, French, Flemish, and English laces.
Which of the following techniques is associated with the creation of “petit point” needlework?
- Using large, loose stitches on a coarse fabric
- Using a combination of different colored threads to create a mosaic effect
- Using tiny, tight stitches on a fine canvas
- Using a raised cord to outline the design
Correct Answer: Using tiny, tight stitches on a fine canvas
Correct Answer Explanation: Petit point is a technique of embroidery that uses extremely tiny stitches on a fine canvas. This creates a very detailed and intricate design, often used to depict scenes from mythology or biblical stories.
Which historical event had a significant impact on the decline of ecclesiastical embroidery in England?
- The English Civil War
- The Reformation
- The French Revolution
- The Industrial Revolution
Correct Answer: The Reformation
Correct Answer Explanation: The Reformation led to the destruction of many church vestments and hangings, resulting in a decline in ecclesiastical embroidery. This shift also led to a movement toward more secular uses of embroidery, as religious themes became less prominent.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of “Opus Anglicanum”?
- Intricate stitchery
- Use of gold and silver threads
- Depiction of secular subjects
- Creation during the 12th to 13th centuries
Correct Answer: Depiction of secular subjects
Correct Answer Explanation: Opus Anglicanum, a golden age of English embroidery, primarily focused on religious themes. It was a time of exquisite craftsmanship, intricate stitching, and rich use of gold and silver threads, mostly for embellishing church vestments.
What is the name given to the ground or network of threads in a lace?
- Toile
- Réseau
- Cordonnet
- Jours
Correct Answer: Réseau
Correct Answer Explanation: The réseau, also referred to as the ground, is the basic framework of a lace, created from plaited threads in pillow lace and buttonhole stitches in needlepoint lace. It provides the foundation for the patterns and fillings within the lace design.
What type of lace was considered “the Queen of Laces” due to its fine, transparent quality and delicate designs?
- Brussels lace
- Valenciennes lace
- Mechlin lace
- Honiton lace
Correct Answer: Mechlin lace
Correct Answer Explanation: Mechlin lace was highly prized for its delicate designs, fine thread, and transparent quality. Its intricate patterns and unique characteristics made it a favorite among the wealthy and earned it the title of “the Queen of Laces”.
What is the name given to the raised cord used to outline the pattern in some types of lace?
- Cordonnet
- Jours
- Brides
- Picots
Correct Answer: Cordonnet
Correct Answer Explanation: A cordonnet is a raised cord, often made with horsehair as a base, used to outline the pattern in some types of lace. It adds a tactile dimension and emphasizes the design elements of the lace.
Which of the following materials was crucial for creating the most delicate lace due to its exceptional fineness and cost?
- Cotton
- Linen
- Silk
- Flax
Correct Answer: Flax
Correct Answer Explanation: The finest flax thread, grown in Flanders, was exceptionally expensive, costing as much as £240 per pound. This high-quality flax was crucial for producing the most delicate and intricate lace due to its exceptional strength and fineness.
Which of these figures is credited with establishing lace schools in France, leading to the development of Point d’Alençon and Point d’Argentan?
- Jean-Baptiste Colbert
- Louis XIV
- Queen Anne
- King George I
Correct Answer: Jean-Baptiste Colbert
Correct Answer Explanation: Jean-Baptiste Colbert, the minister of Louis XIV, established lace schools near Alençon in France to promote the development of lacemaking. He also lured Italian workers to France, who brought their expertise in needlepoint lace, contributing to the creation of Point d’Alençon and Point d’Argentan.
What is the name of the famous embroidered work that depicts scenes from the Norman Conquest and is often mistaken for a tapestry?
- The Syon Cope
- The Bayeux Tapestry
- The Queen Elizabeth Book
- The St. Cuthbert’s Stole
Correct Answer: The Bayeux Tapestry
Correct Answer Explanation: The Bayeux Tapestry, despite its name, is not a tapestry but an embroidered work that depicts scenes from the Norman Conquest of England. Though its style is considered crude, its historical significance and intricate embroidery make it a valuable and famous artifact.
Which of these needlework techniques is known for its raised elements, often created with padding, to create three-dimensional effects in embroidery?
- Petit point
- Black work
- Stump work
- Drawn thread work
Correct Answer: Stump work
Correct Answer Explanation: Stump work is a technique that involves padding and shaping certain elements of the embroidery to create a three-dimensional effect. This technique is often used to depict flowers, animals, or other objects in a realistic manner.
Which of the following was a popular subject for needlework pictures during the Stuart period?
- Biblical scenes
- Landscapes
- Portraits of royalty
- Still lifes
Correct Answer: Biblical scenes
Correct Answer Explanation: Stuart needlework pictures, often executed in petit point or stump work, frequently depicted scenes from the Bible. These religious scenes reflected the strong religious influence of the era and often featured intricate details and fine craftsmanship.
Which of these was a significant factor in the decline of embroidery in the 19th century?
- The invention of the sewing machine
- The rise of Berlin-wool pictures
- A general decline in artistic standards
- All of the above
Correct Answer: All of the above
Correct Answer Explanation: The invention of the sewing machine, the popularity of Berlin-wool pictures, and a general decline in artistic standards all contributed to the decline of high-quality embroidery in the 19th century. The sewing machine made it easier to create basic stitching, while Berlin-wool pictures offered a simpler and less demanding form of needlework.
Which of the following is a common feature found in samplers, particularly those from the 17th century?
- The alphabet
- Numerals
- Moral verses
- All of the above
Correct Answer: All of the above
Correct Answer Explanation: Samplers, which showcased the skill and knowledge of needlework, often included the alphabet, numerals, and moral verses. These features served as educational tools and displayed a variety of stitches, patterns, and techniques.
What type of lace is characterized by a tape-like design and is typically made on a pillow?
- Point d’Alençon
- Guipure
- Venetian Point
- Honiton
Correct Answer: Guipure
Correct Answer Explanation: Guipure lace is recognized by its tape-like design, usually created on a pillow using bobbins or thread. This type of lace features intricate patterns and often incorporates raised elements, such as cords or stitches.
Which of these types of needlework is often attributed to Catherine of Aragon’s Spanish influence?
- Black work
- Petit point
- Stump work
- Drawn thread work
Correct Answer: Black work
Correct Answer Explanation: “Black work”, a distinctive embroidery style featuring intricate black silk back-stitching or chain-stitching, is often attributed to Catherine of Aragon’s Spanish influence. This style was popular during the Tudor period and added a unique decorative element to textiles and clothing.
The Syon Cope, a masterpiece of “Opus Anglicanum”, is currently housed in which museum?
- The British Museum
- The Victoria and Albert Museum
- The South Kensington Museum
- The National Gallery
Correct Answer: The South Kensington Museum
Correct Answer Explanation: The Syon Cope, a magnificent example of Opus Anglicanum, is currently housed in the South Kensington Museum, now known as the Victoria and Albert Museum. This impressive cope showcases intricate embroidery with gold and silver threads and colorful silks, making it a significant piece of English needlework.
What is the name given to the small, decorated boxes, often with secret compartments, that were popular items of needlework during the Stuart period?
- Samplers
- Stuart Caskets
- Jacobean Wall-hangings
- Quilts
Correct Answer: Stuart Caskets
Correct Answer Explanation: Stuart Caskets were small, decorated boxes, often with secret compartments, that became a popular item of needlework during the Stuart period. They featured intricate embroidery, often incorporating beads and hair, making them both practical and decorative.
Which of these early forms of lace was known as “punto in aria” (working with the needle in the air)?
- Reticella
- Venetian Point
- Drawn thread work
- Guipure
Correct Answer: Reticella
Correct Answer Explanation: Reticella, an early form of needlepoint lace, was known as “punto in aria”, which means “working with the needle in the air”. This technique involved creating intricate patterns and designs by working with the needle without the support of a fabric base.
Which of these figures is known for their extensive wardrobe, richly embellished with gold and silver thread, jewels, and “gimps”, but with less emphasis on embroidery?
- Queen Elizabeth I
- Queen Mary
- Queen Anne
- Queen Victoria
Correct Answer: Queen Elizabeth I
Correct Answer Explanation: Queen Elizabeth I was known for her elaborate wardrobe, featuring garments embellished with gold and silver thread, jewels, and “gimps”, but she favored ornamentation over intricate embroidery. Her attire showcased a more opulent and decorative approach to fashion, reflecting the grandeur of her reign.
What is the name of the fine thread, grown in Flanders, that was used to create the most delicate and intricate lace?
- Flax
- Cotton
- Silk
- Linen
Correct Answer: Flax
Correct Answer Explanation: Flax, particularly the fine variety grown in Flanders, was crucial for creating the most delicate lace due to its exceptional strength and fineness. However, this high-quality flax was also exceptionally expensive, costing as much as £240 per pound in the 17th century.
Which of the following is NOT a type of ground or réseau found in lace?
- Hexagonal
- Square
- Round
- Star-shaped
Correct Answer: Star-shaped
Correct Answer Explanation: While hexagonal, square, and round grounds are common in lace, a star-shaped ground is not a typical or widely recognized type of ground in lacemaking. The shape of the ground is crucial in determining the overall structure and design of the lace.
Which of the following is NOT a type of stitch commonly used in embroidery?
- Backstitch
- Chain stitch
- Running stitch
- Bobbin stitch
Correct Answer: Bobbin stitch
Correct Answer Explanation: Backstitch, chain stitch, and running stitch are all common types of stitches used in embroidery. However, bobbin stitch is primarily associated with lacemaking, where it is used to create intricate patterns and designs with thread wound around spools, or bobbins.
What type of lace is known for its curved “toile” (pattern) and distinctive edge?
- Brussels lace
- Valenciennes lace
- Mechlin lace
- Honiton lace
Correct Answer: Brussels lace
Correct Answer Explanation: Brussels lace is characterized by its distinctive curved “toile” (pattern) and a unique, slightly raised edge. This type of lace is often used for elaborate trims, flounces, and decorative elements in clothing and textiles.
Which of these needlework techniques involves stitching tiny panels together to create elaborate patterns?
- Stump work
- Petit point
- Quilting
- Black work
Correct Answer: Quilting
Correct Answer Explanation: Quilting involves stitching together tiny panels of fabric, often using intricate patterns and designs. This technique has been used for centuries to create both decorative and functional items, such as bed covers, wall hangings, and clothing.
What type of lace, known for its exceptional durability, was often referred to as “the Eternal Valenciennes”?
- Valenciennes lace
- Brussels lace
- Mechlin lace
- Honiton lace
Correct Answer: Valenciennes lace
Correct Answer Explanation: Valenciennes lace, especially the “Vraie” variety, was highly prized for its exceptional durability. This type of lace was considered a prized possession among the wealthy due to its fine quality and lasting wear.
Which of these types of needlework pictures often feature charmingly painted faces, while the rest of the picture is embroidered with silk?
- Jacobean wall-hangings
- “Painted face” pictures
- Black silk and hair pictures
- Samplers
Correct Answer: “Painted face” pictures
Correct Answer Explanation: “Painted face” pictures, popular in the 18th century, featured a unique blend of painting and needlework. The faces in these pictures were painted, while the rest of the scene was embroidered with silk, creating a charming and intricate effect.
What is the name given to the open spaces within the pattern of lace, often filled with ornamental stitches?
- Jours
- Brides
- Picots
- Cordonnet
Correct Answer: Jours
Correct Answer Explanation: Jours are the open spaces within the pattern of lace, often filled with ornamental stitches, creating a delicate and airy effect. These spaces add visual interest and contribute to the overall complexity of the lace design.
Which of these is NOT a type of stitch used in “black work”?
- Backstitch
- Chainstitch
- Long stitch
- Running stitch
Correct Answer: Long stitch
Correct Answer Explanation: While backstitch and chainstitch are commonly used in “black work”, long stitch is not typically associated with this style of embroidery. Black work primarily utilizes fine black silk thread for creating intricate patterns with backstitching or chainstitching, which creates a sharp and precise effect.
Which of these is a distinctive characteristic of Honiton lace?
- Use of fine, transparent thread
- Curved “toile” (pattern)
- Raised cords outlining the pattern
- Use of heavy, raised cord and a “scalloped” edge
Correct Answer: Use of heavy, raised cord and a “scalloped” edge
Correct Answer Explanation: Honiton lace, a type of English lace, is known for its use of heavy, raised cord and its distinctive “scalloped” edge. This type of lace often features floral motifs and intricate designs, making it a unique and recognizable style.
What is the name of the early form of drawn thread work that is still practiced today?
- Drawn thread work
- Reticella
- Guipure
- Venetian Point
Correct Answer: Drawn thread work
Correct Answer Explanation: Drawn thread work, a technique involving pulling threads from a fabric to create openwork patterns, has been practiced for centuries. This technique is still used today to create decorative elements on textiles and clothing, showcasing intricate designs and delicate details.
Which of these types of lace is known for its use of picots, small loops used to decorate brides?
- Brussels lace
- Valenciennes lace
- Mechlin lace
- Honiton lace
Correct Answer: Brussels lace
Correct Answer Explanation: Brussels lace is known for its use of picots, small loops used to decorate brides, the connections between different parts of the lace design. These picots add a decorative touch and enhance the overall beauty and detail of the lace.
What is the name of the famous English cope that is considered a prime example of “Opus Anglicanum”?
- The Syon Cope
- The Bayeux Tapestry
- Queen Elizabeth’s Book
- St. Cuthbert’s Stole
Correct Answer: The Syon Cope
Correct Answer Explanation: The Syon Cope, a magnificent 15th-century cope, is considered a prime example of Opus Anglicanum. It showcases intricate embroidery with gold and silver threads, along with colorful silks, making it a treasured artifact of English needlework.
Which of these is NOT a typical feature of a Jacobean wall-hanging?
- Intricate floral designs
- Birds
- Fantastical landscapes
- Geometric patterns
Correct Answer: Geometric patterns
Correct Answer Explanation: While Jacobean wall-hangings often feature intricate floral designs, birds, and fantastical landscapes, they are not typically characterized by geometric patterns. These large hangings, often worked in crewel wool, showcase a more organic and natural style, reflecting the artistic tastes of the era.
What is the name given to the connections between various parts of a lace design, often made of thread thrown across and buttonholed over?
- Picots
- Jours
- Brides
- Cordonnet
Correct Answer: Brides
Correct Answer Explanation: Brides are the connections between various parts of a lace design, often made of thread thrown across and buttonholed over. They create the framework for the pattern and hold the different elements of the lace together.
Which of these figures is credited with spending significant amounts of money on lace, particularly during their reign?
- Queen Mary
- Queen Anne
- Queen Elizabeth I
- Queen Victoria
Correct Answer: Queen Anne
Correct Answer Explanation: Queen Anne was known for her fondness for lace and her significant spending on it. In 1710, she paid £151 for 21 yards of Brussels edging and £1,418 two years later for Brussels and Mechlin lace. Her purchases reflect the high value and popularity of lace among the wealthy during her reign.
What type of lace was often used for church vestments due to its larger scale and intricate design?
- Spanish Point
- Mechlin lace
- Honiton lace
- Valenciennes lace
Correct Answer: Spanish Point
Correct Answer Explanation: “Spanish Point”, often used for church vestments, was actually a larger-scale version of Italian Rose Point lace. This type of lace featured intricate designs and delicate motifs, making it suitable for embellishing religious garments.
Which of these is a type of stitch that is commonly used in drawn thread work?
- Backstitch
- Chainstitch
- Running stitch
- Hem-stitching
Correct Answer: Hem-stitching
Correct Answer Explanation: Hem-stitching, a type of stitch that involves pulling threads from a fabric to create a decorative edge, is a common feature of drawn thread work. This technique adds a touch of elegance and detail to textiles and often serves as a decorative border for garments or household items.
What type of needlework picture, often imitating engravings, used black silk and human hair of various shades to create a monochrome effect?
- Black silk and hair pictures
- “Painted face” pictures
- Jacobean wall-hangings
- Samplers
Correct Answer: Black silk and hair pictures
Correct Answer Explanation: Black silk and hair pictures, popular during the 18th and 19th centuries, often imitated engravings and used black silk and human hair of various shades to create a monochrome effect. These pictures showcased a unique blend of materials and artistic techniques, reflecting the creative ingenuity of needleworkers.
What is the name of the small loops used to decorate a bride, often found in Brussels lace?
- Picots
- Cordonnet
- Jours
- Brides
Correct Answer: Picots
Correct Answer Explanation: Picots are small loops used to decorate brides, the connections between different parts of a lace design. These loops add a delicate touch and create visual interest, enhancing the overall beauty and detail of the lace.
Which of these is NOT a type of lace discussed in the book “Chats on Old Lace and Needlework”?
- Guipure
- Venetian Point
- Honiton lace
- Bobbin lace
Correct Answer: Bobbin lace
Correct Answer Explanation: While bobbin lace is a type of lace, it is not specifically mentioned in the book as a style of lace. The book focuses on needlepoint and pillow lace and different styles within those categories, such as Venetian, Genoese, Milanese, French, Flemish, and English laces.
Which of these is a type of stitch commonly used in “black work”?
- Backstitch
- Chainstitch
- Running stitch
- Hem-stitching
Correct Answer: Backstitch
Correct Answer Explanation: Backstitch, a strong and decorative stitch, is commonly used in “black work” embroidery. This type of stitch creates a clean and sharp line, making it ideal for creating intricate patterns and designs in black silk thread.
Which of these is NOT a type of lace discussed in the book “Chats on Old Lace and Needlework”?
- Mechlin lace
- Valenciennes lace
- Point d’Alençon
- Cluny lace
Correct Answer: Cluny lace
Correct Answer Explanation: While Cluny lace is a type of lace, it is not specifically mentioned in the book as a style of lace. The book focuses on needlepoint and pillow lace and different styles within those categories, such as Venetian, Genoese, Milanese, French, Flemish, and English laces.
What type of lace was considered “the Queen of Laces” due to its fine, transparent quality and delicate designs?
- Brussels lace
- Valenciennes lace
- Mechlin lace
- Honiton lace
Correct Answer: Mechlin lace
Correct Answer Explanation: Mechlin lace was highly prized for its delicate designs, fine thread, and transparent quality. Its intricate patterns and unique characteristics made it a favorite among the wealthy and earned it the title of “the Queen of Laces”.
What is the name given to the ground or network of threads in a lace?
- Toile
- Réseau
- Cordonnet
- Jours
Correct Answer: Réseau
Correct Answer Explanation: The réseau, also referred to as the ground, is the basic framework of a lace, created from plaited threads in pillow lace and buttonhole stitches in needlepoint lace. It provides the foundation for the patterns and fillings within the lace design.
What is the name of the famous English cope that is considered a prime example of “Opus Anglicanum”?
- The Syon Cope
- The Bayeux Tapestry
- Queen Elizabeth’s Book
- St. Cuthbert’s Stole
Correct Answer: The Syon Cope
Correct Answer Explanation: The Syon Cope, a magnificent 15th-century cope, is considered a prime example of Opus Anglicanum. It showcases intricate embroidery with gold and silver threads, along with colorful silks, making it a treasured artifact of English needlework.
Which of these is a type of stitch that is commonly used in drawn thread work?
- Backstitch
- Chainstitch
- Running stitch
- Hem-stitching
Correct Answer: Hem-stitching
Correct Answer Explanation: Hem-stitching, a type of stitch that involves pulling threads from a fabric to create a decorative edge, is a common feature of drawn thread work. This technique adds a touch of elegance and detail to textiles and often serves as a decorative border for garments or household items.
What is the name of the small loops used to decorate a bride, often found in Brussels lace?
- Picots
- Cordonnet
- Jours
- Brides
Correct Answer: Picots
Correct Answer Explanation: Picots are small loops used to decorate brides, the connections between different parts of a lace design. These loops add a delicate touch and create visual interest, enhancing the overall beauty and detail of the lace.
What type of lace is characterized by a tape-like design and is typically made on a pillow?
- Point d’Alençon
- Guipure
- Venetian Point
- Honiton
Correct Answer: Guipure
Correct Answer Explanation: Guipure lace is recognized by its tape-like design, usually created on a pillow using bobbins or thread. This type of lace features intricate patterns and often incorporates raised elements, such as cords or stitches.
Which of these figures is credited with spending significant amounts of money on lace, particularly during their reign?
- Queen Mary
- Queen Anne
- Queen Elizabeth I
- Queen Victoria
Correct Answer: Queen Anne
Correct Answer Explanation: Queen Anne was known for her fondness for lace and her significant spending on it. In 1710, she paid £151 for 21 yards of Brussels edging and £1,418 two years later for Brussels and Mechlin lace. Her purchases reflect the high value and popularity of lace among the wealthy during her reign.
Which of these is a type of stitch commonly used in “black work”?
- Backstitch
- Chainstitch
- Running stitch
- Hem-stitching
Correct Answer: Chainstitch
Correct Answer Explanation: Chainstitch, a decorative stitch that creates a series of interconnected loops, is commonly used in “black work” embroidery. This type of stitch adds a delicate and intricate element to black silk thread designs, creating a unique visual texture.
What type of lace is known for its curved “toile” (pattern) and distinctive edge?
- Brussels lace
- Valenciennes lace
- Mechlin lace
- Honiton lace
Correct Answer: Brussels lace
Correct Answer Explanation: Brussels lace is characterized by its distinctive curved “toile” (pattern) and a unique, slightly raised edge. This type of lace is often used for elaborate trims, flounces, and decorative elements in clothing and textiles.
Which of these is NOT a typical feature of a Jacobean wall-hanging?
- Intricate floral designs
- Birds
- Fantastical landscapes
- Geometric patterns
Correct Answer: Geometric patterns
Correct Answer Explanation: While Jacobean wall-hangings often feature intricate floral designs, birds, and fantastical landscapes, they are not typically characterized by geometric patterns. These large hangings, often worked in crewel wool, showcase a more organic and natural style, reflecting the artistic tastes of the era.
What is the name of the famous embroidered work that depicts scenes from the Norman Conquest and is often mistaken for a tapestry?
- The Syon Cope
- The Bayeux Tapestry
- The Queen Elizabeth Book
- The St. Cuthbert’s Stole
Correct Answer: The Bayeux Tapestry
Correct Answer Explanation: The Bayeux Tapestry, despite its name, is not a tapestry but an embroidered work that depicts scenes from the Norman Conquest of England. Though its style is considered crude, its historical significance and intricate embroidery make it a valuable and famous artifact.
Which of these is NOT a type of stitch commonly used in embroidery?
- Backstitch
- Chain stitch
- Running stitch
- Bobbin stitch
Correct Answer: Bobbin stitch
Correct Answer Explanation: Backstitch, chain stitch, and running stitch are all common types of stitches used in embroidery. However, bobbin stitch is primarily associated with lacemaking, where it is used to create intricate patterns and designs with thread wound around spools, or bobbins.
Which of the following is NOT a type of ground or réseau found in lace?
- Hexagonal
- Square
- Round
- Star-shaped
Correct Answer: Star-shaped
Correct Answer Explanation: While hexagonal, square, and round grounds are common in lace, a star-shaped ground is not a typical or widely recognized type of ground in lacemaking. The shape of the ground is crucial in determining the overall structure and design of the lace.
What type of lace is known for its use of picots, small loops used to decorate brides?
- Brussels lace
- Valenciennes lace
- Mechlin lace
- Honiton lace
Correct Answer: Brussels lace
Correct Answer Explanation: Brussels lace is known for its use of picots, small loops used to decorate brides, the connections between different parts of the lace design. These picots add a decorative touch and enhance the overall beauty and detail of the lace.
Which of these is a distinctive characteristic of Honiton lace?
- Use of fine, transparent thread
- Curved “toile” (pattern)
- Raised cords outlining the pattern
- Use of heavy, raised cord and a “scalloped” edge
Correct Answer: Use of heavy, raised cord and a “scalloped” edge
Correct Answer Explanation: Honiton lace, a type of English lace, is known for its use of heavy, raised cord and its distinctive “scalloped” edge. This type of lace often features floral motifs and intricate designs, making it a unique and recognizable style.
Which of these figures is credited with establishing lace schools in France, leading to the development of Point d’Alençon and Point d’Argentan?
- Jean-Baptiste Colbert
- Louis XIV
- Queen Anne
- King George I
Correct Answer: Jean-Baptiste Colbert
Correct Answer Explanation: Jean-Baptiste Colbert, the minister of Louis XIV, established lace schools near Alençon in France to promote the development of lacemaking. He also lured Italian workers to France, who brought their expertise in needlepoint lace, contributing to the creation of Point d’Alençon and Point d’Argentan.
What is the name given to the open spaces within the pattern of lace, often filled with ornamental stitches?
- Jours
- Brides
- Picots
- Cordonnet
Correct Answer: Jours
Correct Answer Explanation: Jours are the open spaces within the pattern of lace, often filled with ornamental stitches, creating a delicate and airy effect. These spaces add visual interest and contribute to the overall complexity of the lace design.
What is the name given to the raised cord used to outline the pattern in some types of lace?
- Cordonnet
- Jours
- Brides
- Picots
Correct Answer: Cordonnet
Correct Answer Explanation: A cordonnet is a raised cord, often made with horsehair as a base, used to outline the pattern in some types of lace. It adds a tactile dimension and emphasizes the design elements of the lace.
What type of lace, known for its exceptional durability, was often referred to as “the Eternal Valenciennes”?
- Valenciennes lace
- Brussels lace
- Mechlin lace
- Honiton lace
Correct Answer: Valenciennes lace
Correct Answer Explanation: Valenciennes lace, especially the “Vraie” variety, was highly prized for its exceptional durability. This type of lace was considered a prized possession among the wealthy due to its fine quality and lasting wear.
What type of lace is known for its use of picots, small loops used to decorate brides?
- Brussels lace
- Valenciennes lace
- Mechlin lace
- Honiton lace
Correct Answer: Brussels lace
Correct Answer Explanation: Brussels lace is known for its use of picots, small loops used to decorate brides, the connections between different parts of the lace design. These picots add a decorative touch and enhance the overall beauty and detail of the lace.
What is the name of the fine thread, grown in Flanders, that was used to create the most delicate and intricate lace?
- Flax
- Cotton
- Silk
- Linen
Correct Answer: Flax
Correct Answer Explanation: Flax, particularly the fine variety grown in Flanders, was crucial for creating the most delicate lace due to its exceptional strength and fineness. However, this high-quality flax was also exceptionally expensive, costing as much as £240 per pound in the 17th century.
Which of these is a type of stitch that is commonly used in drawn thread work?
- Backstitch
- Chainstitch
- Running stitch
- Hem-stitching
Correct Answer: Hem-stitching
Correct Answer Explanation: Hem-stitching, a type of stitch that involves pulling threads from a fabric to create a decorative edge, is a common feature of drawn thread work. This technique adds a touch of elegance and detail to textiles and often serves as a decorative border for garments or household items.
What type of lace is known for its use of picots, small loops used to decorate brides?
- Brussels lace
- Valenciennes lace
- Mechlin lace
- Honiton lace
Correct Answer: Brussels lace
Correct Answer Explanation: Brussels lace is known for its use of picots, small loops used to decorate brides, the connections between different parts of the lace design. These picots add a decorative touch and enhance the overall beauty and detail of the lace.
Which of these is NOT a type of lace discussed in the book “Chats on Old Lace and Needlework”?
- Guipure
- Venetian Point
- Honiton lace
- Bobbin lace
Correct Answer: Bobbin lace
Correct Answer Explanation: While bobbin lace is a type of lace, it is not specifically mentioned in the book as a style of lace. The book focuses on needlepoint and pillow lace and different styles within those categories, such as Venetian, Genoese, Milanese, French, Flemish, and English laces.
Which of these is a type of stitch commonly used in “black work”?
- Backstitch
- Chainstitch
- Running stitch
- Hem-stitching
Correct Answer: Backstitch
Correct Answer Explanation: Backstitch, a strong and decorative stitch, is commonly used in “black work” embroidery. This type of stitch creates a clean and sharp line, making it ideal for creating intricate patterns and designs in black silk thread.
Which of these is NOT a type of lace discussed in the book “Chats on Old Lace and Needlework”?
- Mechlin lace
- Valenciennes lace
- Point d’Alençon
- Cluny lace
Correct Answer: Cluny lace
Correct Answer Explanation: While Cluny lace is a type of lace, it is not specifically mentioned in the book as a style of lace. The book focuses on needlepoint and pillow lace and different styles within those categories, such as Venetian, Genoese, Milanese, French, Flemish, and English laces.
What type of lace was considered “the Queen of Laces” due to its fine, transparent quality and delicate designs?
- Brussels lace
- Valenciennes lace
- Mechlin lace
- Honiton lace
Correct Answer: Mechlin lace
Correct Answer Explanation: Mechlin lace was highly prized for its delicate designs, fine thread, and transparent quality. Its intricate patterns and unique characteristics made it a favorite among the wealthy and earned it the title of “the Queen of Laces”.
What is the name given to the ground or network of threads in a lace?
- Toile
- Réseau
- Cordonnet
- Jours
Correct Answer: Réseau
Correct Answer Explanation: The réseau, also referred to as the ground, is the basic framework of a lace, created from plaited threads in pillow lace and buttonhole stitches in needlepoint lace. It provides the foundation for the patterns and fillings within the lace design.
What is the name of the famous English cope that is considered a prime example of “Opus Anglicanum”?
- The Syon Cope
- The Bayeux Tapestry
- Queen Elizabeth’s Book
- St. Cuthbert’s Stole
Correct Answer: The Syon Cope
Correct Answer Explanation: The Syon Cope, a magnificent 15th-century cope, is considered a prime example of Opus Anglicanum. It showcases intricate embroidery with gold and silver threads, along with colorful silks, making it a treasured artifact of English needlework.
Which of these is a type of stitch that is commonly used in drawn thread work?
- Backstitch
- Chainstitch
- Running stitch
- Hem-stitching
Correct Answer: Hem-stitching
Correct Answer Explanation: Hem-stitching, a type of stitch that involves pulling threads from a fabric to create a decorative edge, is a common feature of drawn thread work. This technique adds a touch of elegance and detail to textiles and often serves as a decorative border for garments or household items.
What is the name of the small loops used to decorate a bride, often found in Brussels lace?
- Picots
- Cordonnet
- Jours
- Brides
Correct Answer: Picots
Correct Answer Explanation: Picots are small loops used to decorate brides, the connections between different parts of a lace design. These loops add a delicate touch and create visual interest, enhancing the overall beauty and detail of the lace.