What was the name of the popular pneumatic shutter that allowed photographers to capture candid moments silently and remotely?
- The Fairy
- The Eclipse
- The Duplex
- The Platyscope
Correct Answer: The Eclipse
Correct Answer Explanation: The Eclipse shutter was a popular pneumatic shutter that allowed photographers to capture candid moments silently and remotely, a significant advancement in portrait photography.
What is the name of the versatile studio tool, adaptable to various poses and positions, that was a popular choice for photographers?
- The Bowdish posing chair
- The Fairy tripod
- The Sensitometer
- The Triplexicon
Correct Answer: The Bowdish posing chair
Correct Answer Explanation: The Bowdish posing chair was a popular and versatile studio tool, adaptable to various poses and positions. It allowed photographers to create dynamic and comfortable poses.
What is the name of the invention that revolutionized field photography by significantly reducing weight and allowing for multiple exposures, making photography more portable and accessible?
- The Sensitometer
- The Eclipse Shutter
- The Eastman flexible negative support
- The Triplexicon
Correct Answer: The Eastman flexible negative support
Correct Answer Explanation: The Eastman flexible negative support, made of gelatine-coated paper, allowed for 24 exposures on a single roll, significantly reducing the weight of carrying equipment. This invention revolutionized field photography.
Which chemical was commonly used as a fixing agent for positives, while hyposulphite of soda was preferred for negatives?
- Citrate of soda
- Mercurial intensifier
- Cyanide of potassium
- Gelatine
Correct Answer: Cyanide of potassium
Correct Answer Explanation: Cyanide of potassium was a common fixing agent for positives, while hyposulphite of soda was preferred for negatives. These chemicals dissolve the unexposed silver salts, making the image permanent.
What was the name of the process that replaced the more cumbersome wet collodion process, significantly shortening exposure times and increasing sensitivity?
- The wet collodion process
- The dry plate process
- The ambrotype process
- The ferrotype process
Correct Answer: The dry plate process
Correct Answer Explanation: The dry plate process, still relatively new, was rapidly gaining popularity, replacing the older, more cumbersome wet collodion process. The demand for faster lenses and shorter exposure times was driving innovation, leading to advancements in lens design and shutters. The book reflects this exciting time of rapid change in photography, offering readers a glimpse into the evolving practices and tools of the era.
What is the name of the process that involves photographing microscopic objects using a microscope and camera to create enlarged images?
- Photomicrography
- Lantern slide
- Ambrotype
- Ferrotype
Correct Answer: Photomicrography
Correct Answer Explanation: Photomicrography involves capturing enlarged images of microscopic objects using a microscope and camera. This technique allows for the study and documentation of microscopic details.
What is the name of the device used to measure the sensitivity of photographic materials, particularly dry plates?
- The Sensitometer
- The Eclipse
- The Duplex
- The Platyscope
Correct Answer: The Sensitometer
Correct Answer Explanation: The “Sensitometer” is used to measure the sensitivity of dry plates, with higher numbers indicating greater sensitivity. This tool helps photographers choose the right plates for specific tasks.
What is the name of the invention that made photography more accessible to amateurs by being a compact and lightweight camera designed for outdoor photography?
- The Eclipse Shutter
- The Sensitometer
- The Fairy camera
- The Triplexicon
Correct Answer: The Fairy camera
Correct Answer Explanation: The “Fairy” camera was a compact and lightweight camera designed for amateur photographers, offering portability and high quality. This innovation made photography more accessible to a wider audience.
What is the name of the type of lens that uses two glasses of different densities to minimize chromatic aberration, resulting in sharper images without color fringes?
- Rectilinear lens
- Achromatic lens
- Aplanatic lens
- Wide-angle lens
Correct Answer: Achromatic lens
Correct Answer Explanation: “Achromatic” lenses use two glasses of different densities to minimize chromatic aberration, resulting in sharper images without color fringes. This advancement significantly improved lens quality.
Which of the following processes made photographic negatives possible, paving the way for modern photography?
- The wet collodion process
- The dry plate process
- The ambrotype process
- The ferrotype process
Correct Answer: The wet collodion process
Correct Answer Explanation: Collodion, discovered by Maynard, was first used for photography by Archer in 1848. Archer’s discovery made photographic negatives possible, paving the way for modern photography.
What was the name of the efficient oil-burning magic lantern, suitable for amateur use and slide projection, that offered excellent illumination and ease of use?
- The Fairy
- The Eclipse
- The Duplex
- The Triplexicon
Correct Answer: The Triplexicon
Correct Answer Explanation: The “Triplexicon” was a highly efficient oil-burning magic lantern, suitable for amateur use and slide projection. It offered excellent illumination and ease of use.
Which lens type is designed to capture a wider field of view, making it ideal for cramped spaces or panoramic scenes?
- Rectilinear lens
- Achromatic lens
- Aplanatic lens
- Wide-angle lens
Correct Answer: Wide-angle lens
Correct Answer Explanation: “Wide-angle” lenses are designed to capture a wider field of view, ideal for cramped spaces or panoramic scenes. They allow photographers to capture more of a scene within the frame.
What is the name of the lens, renowned for its exceptional quality and performance, that was highly regarded by both amateurs and professionals?
- Rectilinear lens
- Achromatic lens
- Aplanatic lens
- Dallmeyer lens
Correct Answer: Dallmeyer lens
Correct Answer Explanation: Dallmeyer lenses were renowned for their exceptional quality and performance, highly regarded by both amateurs and professionals. They offered sharpness, detail, and wide illumination.
What type of photographic image is a transparent positive image on glass or film, often used for contact printing or enlarging negatives?
- A negative
- A diapositive
- A lantern slide
- An ambrotype
Correct Answer: A diapositive
Correct Answer Explanation: A diapositive is a transparent positive image on glass or film, often used for contact printing or enlarging negatives.
What type of lens is designed to produce straight lines without distortion, especially important for architectural or technical photography?
- Rectilinear lens
- Achromatic lens
- Aplanatic lens
- Wide-angle lens
Correct Answer: Rectilinear lens
Correct Answer Explanation: A rectilinear lens is a lens designed to produce straight lines without distortion, especially important for architectural or technical photography.
What is the name of the lens that corrects for both spherical and chromatic aberration, producing a more perfect image?
- Rectilinear lens
- Achromatic lens
- Aplanatic lens
- Wide-angle lens
Correct Answer: Aplanatic lens
Correct Answer Explanation: An aplanatic lens is a lens that corrects for both spherical and chromatic aberration, producing a more perfect image.
What is the name of the type of lens used to concentrate light onto the object being photographed in photomicrography?
- The Bull’s-eye Condenser
- The Triplexicon
- The Sensitometer
- The Eclipse
Correct Answer: The Bull’s-eye Condenser
Correct Answer Explanation: A Bull’s-eye Condenser is a type of lens used to concentrate light onto the object being photographed in photomicrography.
What is the name of the device used to polarize light, allowing for the visualization of birefringent materials and enhancing contrast in photomicrography?
- The Bull’s-eye Condenser
- The Triplexicon
- The Sensitometer
- The Polariscope
Correct Answer: The Polariscope
Correct Answer Explanation: A polariscope is a device used to polarize light, allowing for the visualization of birefringent materials and enhancing contrast in photomicrography.
Which of the following processes were the first positive photographs on glass and iron plates, respectively?
- The wet collodion process and the dry plate process
- The ambrotype and the ferrotype
- The diapositive and the lantern slide
- The negative and the positive
Correct Answer: The ambrotype and the ferrotype
Correct Answer Explanation: Ambrotypes and ferrotypes were the first positive photographs on glass and iron plates, respectively. These early processes were later superseded by more advanced techniques.
What is the name of the lens defect where different colors of light are refracted at different angles, causing a blurred or fringed image?
- Chromatic aberration
- Spherical aberration
- Distortion
- Diffraction
Correct Answer: Chromatic aberration
Correct Answer Explanation: Chromatic aberration is a lens defect where different colors of light are refracted at different angles, causing a blurred or fringed image.
What is the name of the improvement on the Eclipse shutter that enabled both timed and instantaneous exposures?
- The Fairy
- The Eclipse
- The Duplex
- The Platyscope
Correct Answer: The Duplex
Correct Answer Explanation: The “Duplex” shutter was an improvement on the “Eclipse,” enabling both timed and instantaneous exposures. This further increased the photographer’s control over exposure.
What is the name of the early positive processes, made on glass and iron plates, respectively, that highlight the evolution of photographic technology?
- The wet collodion process and the dry plate process
- The ambrotype and the ferrotype
- The diapositive and the lantern slide
- The negative and the positive
Correct Answer: The ambrotype and the ferrotype
Correct Answer Explanation: Ambrotypes and Ferrotypes: These early positive processes, made on glass and iron plates, respectively, highlight the evolution of photographic technology.
What is the name of the invention that revolutionized portrait photography by enabling silent and remote exposures, allowing photographers to capture candid expressions?
- The Fairy
- The Eclipse
- The Duplex
- The Platyscope
Correct Answer: The Eclipse
Correct Answer Explanation: The “Eclipse” shutter: This invention revolutionized portrait photography by enabling silent and remote exposures, allowing photographers to capture candid expressions.
Which of the following is a cost-effective alternative to silver printing?
- The wet collodion process
- The dry plate process
- The ambrotype process
- Anthony’s collodio chloride
Correct Answer: Anthony’s collodio chloride
Correct Answer Explanation: Anthony’s collodio chloride is a liquid emulsion of plain collodion and silver chloride, offering a simple and effective method for printing on various surfaces. This process provides a cost-effective alternative to silver printing.
What is the name of the camera, with a 5×8 body, that can be extended to 8×10 using an additional body and bellows?
- The Fairy
- The Eclipse
- The Duplex
- The Platyscope
Correct Answer: The Fairy
Correct Answer Explanation: The “Fairy” camera, with a 5×8 body, can be extended to 8×10 using an additional body and bellows, offering two cameras for the price of one. This showcases the versatility and adaptability of modern camera design.
What is the name of the lens that uses a double achromatic combination to create instantaneous views, portraits, and groups?
- The Fairy
- The Eclipse
- The Duplex
- Anthony’s Rapid Dry Plate lens
Correct Answer: Anthony’s Rapid Dry Plate lens
Correct Answer Explanation: Anthony’s Rapid Dry Plate lens uses a double achromatic combination to create instantaneous views, portraits, and groups. This demonstrates the importance of lenses in achieving quality results.
What is the name of the camera that allows for magnifications from 10 to 600 diameters in photomicrography?
- The Fairy
- The Eclipse
- The Duplex
- A 30-inch extension bellows camera
Correct Answer: A 30-inch extension bellows camera
Correct Answer Explanation: A 30-inch extension bellows camera, combined with a range of objectives, allows for magnifications from 10 to 600 diameters in photomicrography. This demonstrates the versatility of a photomicrography setup.
What is the name of the type of plate, used as a focusing screen, that provides a more accurate and stable focus for photomicrography?
- The Fairy
- The Eclipse
- The Duplex
- A bleached gelatine plate
Correct Answer: A bleached gelatine plate
Correct Answer Explanation: A bleached gelatine plate, used as a focussing screen, provides a more accurate and stable focus for photomicrography. This innovation greatly improves image sharpness.
What is the name of the lantern that uses refined petroleum oil with a three-wick burner to achieve high illumination, comparable to gas lanterns?
- The Fairy
- The Eclipse
- The Duplex
- The Triplexicon
Correct Answer: The Triplexicon
Correct Answer Explanation: The “Triplexicon” magic lantern uses refined petroleum oil with a three-wick burner to achieve high illumination, comparable to gas lanterns. This shows the effectiveness of oil-based lanterns in slide projection.
What is the name of the tripod that weighs less than 2 pounds and can be folded to a length of 16 inches?
- The Fairy tripod
- The Eclipse tripod
- The Duplex tripod
- The Platyscope tripod
Correct Answer: The Fairy tripod
Correct Answer Explanation: The “Fairy” tripod, weighing less than 2 pounds, can be folded to a length of 16 inches. This showcases the lightweight and portable nature of modern photographic equipment.
What is the name of the camera that can achieve an exposure speed of 1/200th of a second, enabling sharp pictures of moving objects?
- The Fairy
- The Eclipse
- The Duplex
- The Platyscope
Correct Answer: The Eclipse
Correct Answer Explanation: Anthony’s “Eclipse” shutter can achieve an exposure speed of 1/200th of a second, enabling sharp pictures of moving objects. This illustrates the impact of technological advancements on capturing motion.
What is the name of the shutter that allows exposures ranging from one-tenth of a second to minutes, providing versatility for various photographic situations?
- The Fairy
- The Eclipse
- The Duplex
- The Platyscope
Correct Answer: The Duplex
Correct Answer Explanation: The “Duplex” shutter allows exposures ranging from one-tenth of a second to minutes, providing versatility for various photographic situations.
What is the name of the photographic process that demonstrates the significant speed advantage of dry plates over wet plates, requiring exposures of 1 to 3 seconds in good light?
- The wet collodion process
- The dry plate process
- The ambrotype process
- The ferrotype process
Correct Answer: The dry plate process
Correct Answer Explanation: The “Phenix” Argentic dry plate is six times more rapid than wet plates, requiring exposures of 1 to 3 seconds in good light. This demonstrates the significant speed advantage of dry plates.
What is the name of the solution that can be used to restrain over-exposure during development, especially when multiple plates are overexposed?
- Citrate of soda
- Mercurial intensifier
- Cyanide of potassium
- Gelatine
Correct Answer: Citrate of soda
Correct Answer Explanation: A 50 per cent. solution of citrate of soda can be used to restrain over-exposure during development, especially when multiple plates are overexposed. This helps to salvage overexposed negatives.
What is the name of the process that involves depositing metallic silver onto a latent image in the film, transforming the invisible image into a printable negative?
- The wet collodion process
- The dry plate process
- The developing process
- The fixing process
Correct Answer: The developing process
Correct Answer Explanation: The development of a negative involves depositing metallic silver onto a latent image in the film. This process transforms the invisible image into a printable negative.
Which of the following is a crucial component of dry plates, with its quality and consistency directly impacting the emulsion’s sensitivity and durability?
- Citrate of soda
- Mercurial intensifier
- Cyanide of potassium
- Gelatine
Correct Answer: Gelatine
Correct Answer Explanation: Gelatine is a crucial component of dry plates, its quality and consistency directly impact the emulsion’s sensitivity and durability.
What is the name of the solutions used to strengthen negatives by increasing the silver deposit, enhancing the density and contrast of negatives?
- Citrate of soda
- Mercurial intensifier
- Cyanide of potassium
- Gelatine
Correct Answer: Mercurial intensifier
Correct Answer Explanation: Mercurial intensifiers were used to strengthen negatives by increasing the silver deposit. These solutions enhance the density and contrast of negatives.
Which of the following is a type of shutter that provides versatility for various photographic situations?
- The Fairy
- The Eclipse
- The Duplex
- The Platyscope
Correct Answer: The Duplex
Correct Answer Explanation: The “Duplex” shutter allows exposures ranging from one-tenth of a second to minutes, providing versatility for various photographic situations.
Which of the following is a type of shutter that allows photographers to capture candid moments silently and remotely?
- The Fairy
- The Eclipse
- The Duplex
- The Platyscope
Correct Answer: The Eclipse
Correct Answer Explanation: The “Eclipse” shutter: This invention revolutionized portrait photography by enabling silent and remote exposures, allowing photographers to capture candid expressions.
What is the name of the camera that made photography more accessible to amateurs by being a compact and lightweight camera designed for outdoor photography?
- The Fairy
- The Eclipse
- The Duplex
- The Platyscope
Correct Answer: The Fairy
Correct Answer Explanation: The “Fairy” camera was a compact and lightweight camera designed for amateur photographers, offering portability and high quality. This innovation made photography more accessible to a wider audience.
What is the name of the type of lens that is designed to produce straight lines without distortion, especially important for architectural or technical photography?
- Rectilinear lens
- Achromatic lens
- Aplanatic lens
- Wide-angle lens
Correct Answer: Rectilinear lens
Correct Answer Explanation: A rectilinear lens is a lens designed to produce straight lines without distortion, especially important for architectural or technical photography.
What is the name of the type of lens that uses two glasses of different densities to minimize chromatic aberration, resulting in sharper images without color fringes?
- Rectilinear lens
- Achromatic lens
- Aplanatic lens
- Wide-angle lens
Correct Answer: Achromatic lens
Correct Answer Explanation: “Achromatic” lenses use two glasses of different densities to minimize chromatic aberration, resulting in sharper images without color fringes. This advancement significantly improved lens quality.
What is the name of the type of lens that is designed to capture a wider field of view, making it ideal for cramped spaces or panoramic scenes?
- Rectilinear lens
- Achromatic lens
- Aplanatic lens
- Wide-angle lens
Correct Answer: Wide-angle lens
Correct Answer Explanation: “Wide-angle” lenses are designed to capture a wider field of view, ideal for cramped spaces or panoramic scenes. They allow photographers to capture more of a scene within the frame.
Which of the following is a type of lens that is renowned for its exceptional quality and performance, highly regarded by both amateurs and professionals?
- Rectilinear lens
- Achromatic lens
- Aplanatic lens
- Dallmeyer lens
Correct Answer: Dallmeyer lens
Correct Answer Explanation: Dallmeyer lenses were renowned for their exceptional quality and performance, highly regarded by both amateurs and professionals. They offered sharpness, detail, and wide illumination.
What is the name of the type of lens that is designed to correct for both spherical and chromatic aberration, producing a more perfect image?
- Rectilinear lens
- Achromatic lens
- Aplanatic lens
- Wide-angle lens
Correct Answer: Aplanatic lens
Correct Answer Explanation: An aplanatic lens is a lens that corrects for both spherical and chromatic aberration, producing a more perfect image.
What is the name of the type of lens that is used to concentrate light onto the object being photographed in photomicrography?
- The Bull’s-eye Condenser
- The Triplexicon
- The Sensitometer
- The Eclipse
Correct Answer: The Bull’s-eye Condenser
Correct Answer Explanation: A Bull’s-eye Condenser is a type of lens used to concentrate light onto the object being photographed in photomicrography.
What is the name of the device that is used to polarize light, allowing for the visualization of birefringent materials and enhancing contrast in photomicrography?
- The Bull’s-eye Condenser
- The Triplexicon
- The Sensitometer
- The Polariscope
Correct Answer: The Polariscope
Correct Answer Explanation: A polariscope is a device used to polarize light, allowing for the visualization of birefringent materials and enhancing contrast in photomicrography.
What is the name of the device that is used to measure the sensitivity of photographic materials, particularly dry plates?
- The Sensitometer
- The Eclipse
- The Duplex
- The Platyscope
Correct Answer: The Sensitometer
Correct Answer Explanation: The “Sensitometer” is used to measure the sensitivity of dry plates, with higher numbers indicating greater sensitivity. This tool helps photographers choose the right plates for specific tasks.
What is the name of the process that is involved in photographing microscopic objects using a microscope and camera to create enlarged images?
- Photomicrography
- Lantern slide
- Ambrotype
- Ferrotype
Correct Answer: Photomicrography
Correct Answer Explanation: Photomicrography involves capturing enlarged images of microscopic objects using a microscope and camera. This technique allows for the study and documentation of microscopic details.
Which of the following processes made photographic negatives possible, paving the way for modern photography?
- The wet collodion process
- The dry plate process
- The ambrotype process
- The ferrotype process
Correct Answer: The wet collodion process
Correct Answer Explanation: Collodion, discovered by Maynard, was first used for photography by Archer in 1848. Archer’s discovery made photographic negatives possible, paving the way for modern photography.
What is the name of the process that replaced the more cumbersome wet collodion process, significantly shortening exposure times and increasing sensitivity?
- The wet collodion process
- The dry plate process
- The ambrotype process
- The ferrotype process
Correct Answer: The dry plate process
Correct Answer Explanation: The dry plate process, still relatively new, was rapidly gaining popularity, replacing the older, more cumbersome wet collodion process. The demand for faster lenses and shorter exposure times was driving innovation, leading to advancements in lens design and shutters. The book reflects this exciting time of rapid change in photography, offering readers a glimpse into the evolving practices and tools of the era.
Which chemical was commonly used as a fixing agent for positives, while hyposulphite of soda was preferred for negatives?
- Citrate of soda
- Mercurial intensifier
- Cyanide of potassium
- Gelatine
Correct Answer: Cyanide of potassium
Correct Answer Explanation: Cyanide of potassium was a common fixing agent for positives, while hyposulphite of soda was preferred for negatives. These chemicals dissolve the unexposed silver salts, making the image permanent.
What is the name of the invention that revolutionized field photography by significantly reducing weight and allowing for multiple exposures, making photography more portable and accessible?
- The Sensitometer
- The Eclipse Shutter
- The Eastman flexible negative support
- The Triplexicon
Correct Answer: The Eastman flexible negative support
Correct Answer Explanation: The Eastman flexible negative support, made of gelatine-coated paper, allowed for 24 exposures on a single roll, significantly reducing the weight of carrying equipment. This invention revolutionized field photography.
What is the name of the popular pneumatic shutter that allowed photographers to capture candid moments silently and remotely?
- The Fairy
- The Eclipse
- The Duplex
- The Platyscope
Correct Answer: The Eclipse
Correct Answer Explanation: The Eclipse shutter was a popular pneumatic shutter that allowed photographers to capture candid moments silently and remotely, a significant advancement in portrait photography.
What is the name of the versatile studio tool, adaptable to various poses and positions, that was a popular choice for photographers?
- The Bowdish posing chair
- The Fairy tripod
- The Sensitometer
- The Triplexicon
Correct Answer: The Bowdish posing chair
Correct Answer Explanation: The Bowdish posing chair was a popular and versatile studio tool, adaptable to various poses and positions. It allowed photographers to create dynamic and comfortable poses.