1: What is the scientific name of Pineapple Sage?
A: Salvia officinalis
B: Salvia elegans
C: Salvia sclarea
D: Salvia hispanica
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Pineapple Sage is scientifically known as Salvia elegans.
2: Pineapple Sage is a member of which plant family?
A: Rosaceae
B: Poaceae
C: Lamiaceae
D: Asteraceae
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Pineapple Sage belongs to the Lamiaceae family.
3: Where is Pineapple Sage natively found?
A: Mexico
B: Brazil
C: Canada
D: Australia
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Pineapple Sage is native to Mexico.
4: What kind of forests does Pineapple Sage inhabit in its native region?
A: Rainforests
B: Coniferous forests
C: Madrean and Mesoamerican pine-oak forests
D: Mangroves
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Pineapple Sage inhabits Madrean and Mesoamerican pine-oak forests.
5: At what elevation range does Pineapple Sage typically grow?
A: 1,000 to 2,000 ft
B: 2,000 to 4,000 ft
C: 6,000 to 9,000 ft
D: 10,000 to 12,000 ft
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Pineapple Sage typically grows between 6,000 and 9,000 ft.
6: What color are the tubular flowers of Pineapple Sage?
A: Blue
B: Red
C: Yellow
D: White
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The tubular flowers of Pineapple Sage are red.
7: Which wildlife is particularly attracted to Pineapple Sage flowers?
A: Bees and beetles
B: Hummingbirds and butterflies
C: Squirrels and mice
D: Frogs and toads
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Hummingbirds and butterflies are particularly attracted to the red flowers of Pineapple Sage.
8: During what season does Pineapple Sage typically flower in its native habitat?
A: Spring
B: Summer
C: Late Autumn
D: Winter
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Pineapple Sage typically flowers in the late autumn in its native habitat.
9: What type of plant is Pineapple Sage in terms of its day-length requirements?
A: Short-day plant
B: Long-day plant
C: Day-neutral plant
D: Equinox plant
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Pineapple Sage is a short-day plant.
10: What is the leaves’ fragrance of Pineapple Sage often compared to?
A: Lemon
B: Rose
C: Pineapple
D: Coconut
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The leaves of Pineapple Sage emit a scent similar to pineapple.
11: Which variety of Pineapple Sage blooms early in the summer?
A: Pineapple Melon
B: Honey Melon
C: Summer Sunshine
D: Tangerine Delight
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The variety “Honey Melon” of Pineapple Sage blooms early in the summer.
12: What color do the leaves of Tangerine Sage have around their edges?
A: White
B: Purple
C: Bronze
D: Silver
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Tangerine Sage has bronze-edged leaves.
13: What scent do the leaves of Tangerine Sage feature?
A: Citrus
B: Mint
C: Lavender
D: Eucalyptus
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The leaves of Tangerine Sage have a citrus scent.
14: When does Tangerine Sage typically flower?
A: Spring
B: Summer
C: Autumn
D: Winter
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Tangerine Sage typically flowers during the summer.
15: How tall can Pineapple Sage grow when cultivated?
A: 0.5 to 1 meter
B: 1.2 to 1.5 meters
C: 2 to 3 meters
D: 3.5 to 4 meters
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Pineapple Sage can grow up to 1.2 to 1.5 meters tall in cultivation.
16: Which part of the Pineapple Sage plant is covered with fine hairs?
A: Stems
B: Flowers
C: Roots
D: Leaves
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The leaves of Pineapple Sage are covered with fine hairs.
17: How were Pineapple Sage plants introduced into horticulture?
A: About 1770
B: About 1820
C: About 1870
D: About 1900
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Pineapple Sage was introduced into horticulture about 1870.
18: What are the primary components of the essential oil of Pineapple Sage?
A: Eucalyptol and menthol
B: Caffeic acid and its derivatives
C: Lavender and vanilla
D: Linalool and citronellal
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The essential oil of Pineapple Sage consists primarily of caffeic acid and its derivatives.
19: Which acid is a derivative found in the essential oil of Pineapple Sage besides caffeic acid?
A: Rosmarinic acid
B: Citric acid
C: Acetic acid
D: Ascorbic acid
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Rosmarinic acid is a derivative found in the essential oil of Pineapple Sage.
20: What is another derivative present in Pineapple Sage’s essential oil?
A: Salicylic acid
B: Salvianolic acid
C: Tartaric acid
D: Palmitic acid
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Salvianolic acid is another derivative present in Pineapple Sage’s essential oil.
21: What is one common use for the leaves and flowers of Pineapple Sage?
A: Coffee flavoring
B: Edible garnishes
C: Poisonous bait
D: Stamp glue
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The leaves and flowers of Pineapple Sage are edible and often used as garnishes.
22: Pineapple Sage is used in traditional medicine of which country?
A: China
B: India
C: Mexico
D: Greece
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Pineapple Sage is used in Mexican traditional medicine.
23: Which condition is Pineapple Sage traditionally used to treat in Mexican medicine?
A: Diabetes
B: Tuberculosis
C: Anxiety
D: Lyme disease
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: In Mexican traditional medicine, Pineapple Sage is used to treat anxiety.
24: What is another health condition Pineapple Sage is traditionally used for?
A: Hypertension
B: Arthritis
C: Asthma
D: Scurvy
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Pineapple Sage is also used for treating hypertension in Mexican traditional medicine.
25: How does Pineapple Sage respond to a hard frost?
A: It stays evergreen
B: It dies down to the ground
C: It changes leaf color
D: It becomes dormant
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: When exposed to a hard frost, Pineapple Sage dies down to the ground but grows back the following spring.
26: Which type of flowers does Pineapple Sage produce?
A: Single blooms
B: Clustered blooms
C: Whorls of flowers
D: Paired blooms
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Pineapple Sage produces flowers in whorls.
27: What is the main attractant of Pineapple Sage flowers to wildlife?
A: Their shape
B: Their scent
C: Their color
D: Their size
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The red tubular flowers of Pineapple Sage, combined with their attractive color, scent, and shape, make them appealing to hummingbirds and butterflies.
28: The long inflorescence of Pineapple Sage blooms over what kind of period?
A: Brief period
B: Rapid period
C: Prolonged period
D: Short burst
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The long inflorescence of Pineapple Sage blooms gradually over a prolonged period of time.
29: Which derivative found in Pineapple Sage’s essential oil has antioxidant properties?
A: Acetic acid
B: Rosmarinic acid
C: Lactic acid
D: Boric acid
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Rosmarinic acid, found in Pineapple Sage’s essential oil, has antioxidant properties.
30: When do Pineapple Sage flowers typically bloom further north from their native habitat?
A: Early spring
B: Mid-summer
C: Late autumn
D: Late winter
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Further north from their native habitat, Pineapple Sage flowers typically bloom in late autumn if there is no frost.
31: How does Pineapple Sage propagate in the ground?
A: Through bulbs
B: Through seeds
C: Through underground roots forming clumps
D: Through surface runners
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: In cultivation, Pineapple Sage’s roots extend underground to form a large clump.
32: What is the primary visual characteristic of Pineapple Sage leaves?
A: Shiny and smooth
B: Pale yellow-green and veined
C: Dark green and leathery
D: Glossy and waxy
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Pineapple Sage leaves are pale yellow-green and veined.
33: Besides their edible use, what is another way Pineapple Sage leaves are utilized?
A: Textile dye
B: Insect repellent
C: Decoration
D: Perfume ingredient
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Although primarily edible, Pineapple Sage leaves can also be used as an insect repellent, due to their aromatic properties.
34: The tubular flowers of Pineapple Sage facilitate which kind of pollination?
A: Wind pollination
B: Self-pollination
C: Animal-assisted pollination
D: Water pollination
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The tubular flowers of Pineapple Sage facilitate animal-assisted pollination, particularly by hummingbirds and butterflies.
35: What size are the leaves of Pineapple Sage?
A: Tiny
B: Large
C: Medium
D: Varied
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Pineapple Sage leaves are typically medium-sized, fitting well with the shrub’s overall dimensions.
36: Besides hummingbirds and butterflies, which other pollinators are sometimes attracted to Pineapple Sage?
A: Bats
B: Beetles
C: Moths
D: Bees
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Besides hummingbirds and butterflies, bees are sometimes attracted to Pineapple Sage flowers.
37: In addition to anxiety, what mental health condition is Pineapple Sage traditionally claimed to aid?
A: Depression
B: Insomnia
C: ADHD
D: Schizophrenia
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Pineapple Sage is traditionally claimed to aid anxiety and potentially depression due to its calming effects.
38: Which month does the Pineapple Sage flowering season start in Mexico?
A: December
B: November
C: October
D: August
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: In Mexico, the flowering season for Pineapple Sage starts in August.
39: How long can Pineapple Sage flowers last if there is no frost?
A: Until mid-summer
B: Until winter
C: Until spring
D: Until late autumn
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: If there is no frost, Pineapple Sage flowers can last until spring.
40: What is the growth pattern of Pineapple Sage stems?
A: Twining
B: Erect
C: Sprawling
D: Climbing
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Pineapple Sage produces numerous erect leafy stems.
41: Pineapple Sage is classified under which order of plants?
A: Fabales
B: Lamiales
C: Rosales
D: Sapindales
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Pineapple Sage is classified under the order Lamiales.
42: Pineapple Sage falls under which clade?
A: Monocots
B: Magnoliids
C: Asterids
D: Basal eudicots
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Pineapple Sage falls under the clade Asterids.
43: When is the latest Pineapple Sage may flower in its native habitat if there is no frost?
A: December
B: November
C: September
D: January
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: In its native habitat, and if there is no frost, Pineapple Sage may flower until January.
44: How many scarlet flowers typically grow in Pineapple Sage whorls?
A: Two to four
B: Four to six
C: Six to twelve
D: Ten to twenty
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Six to twelve scarlet flowers typically grow in each whorl of Pineapple Sage.
45: What genus does Pineapple Sage belong to?
A: Ocimum
B: Mentha
C: Salvia
D: Lavandula
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Pineapple Sage belongs to the genus Salvia.
46: What type of plant is Pineapple Sage?
A: Annual herb
B: Biennial shrub
C: Perennial shrub
D: Deciduous tree
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Pineapple Sage is a perennial shrub.
47: The resumption of growth in Pineapple Sage after dying down during frost typically occurs in which season?
A: Autumn
B: Spring
C: Summer
D: Winter
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Pineapple Sage will resume growth in the spring after dying down in frost.
48: Pineapple Sage was introduced to horticulture roughly how many years ago?
A: 150 years
B: 100 years
C: 50 years
D: 200 years
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Pineapple Sage was introduced to horticulture about 150 years ago, around 1870.
49: What type of leaves does Pineapple Sage have?
A: Thorns
B: Smooth and shiny
C: Pale yellow-green and veined
D: Thick and waxy
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Pineapple Sage has pale yellow-green and veined leaves.
50: What time of year does the “Honey Melon” variety of Pineapple Sage bloom?
A: Late autumn
B: Early winter
C: Early summer
D: Late spring
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The “Honey Melon” variety of Pineapple Sage blooms early in the summer.
51: What characteristic of Pineapple Sage flowers makes them attractive to butterflies?
A: Size
B: Shape
C: Color
D: Scent
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The red color of Pineapple Sage flowers makes them attractive to butterflies.
52: What form of Sage is very similar to Pineapple Sage but with a different scent?
A: Garden Sage
B: Clary Sage
C: Tangerine Sage
D: Russian Sage
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Tangerine Sage is very similar to Pineapple Sage but has a citrus scent instead of a pineapple scent.
53: The leaves of Pineapple Sage can be used for what culinary purpose?
A: To season meat
B: In baking
C: As a garnish
D: In pickling
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The leaves of Pineapple Sage can be used as edible garnishes.
54: What type of plant is Pineapple Sage in terms of life cycle?
A: Annual
B: Biennial
C: Perennial
D: Ephemeral
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Pineapple Sage is a perennial plant.
55: How tall does Tangerine Sage typically grow?
A: 30 cm
B: 60-90 cm
C: 120-150 cm
D: 200 cm
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Tangerine Sage typically grows to about 60 cm – 90 cm tall.
56: Which variety of Pineapple Sage is known for its unique flowering season?
A: Golden Pineapple
B: Honey Melon
C: Tropical Delight
D: Citrus Burst
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The “Honey Melon” variety is unique for blooming early in the summer.
57: How many derivatives of caffeic acid are mentioned in the phytochemistry of Pineapple Sage?
A: One
B: Two
C: Three
D: Four
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: There are two derivatives of caffeic acid mentioned, rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid.
58: What condition must Pineapple Sage meet to grow back in spring after a frost?
A: Soil temperature above freezing
B: Minimal sunlight exposure
C: Dry soil
D: Heavy mulching
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: After a frost, Pineapple Sage will grow back in spring if the soil temperature is above freezing.
59: The clump-forming behavior of Pineapple Sage involves which plant structure?
A: Bulbs
B: Tubers
C: Rhizomes
D: Roots
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Pineapple Sage forms a clump through its underground roots.
60: Apart from edible and medicinal uses, how else is Pineapple Sage commonly used?
A: Aromatherapy
B: Textile production
C: Furniture polish
D: Biofuel
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Apart from its edible and medicinal uses, Pineapple Sage is used in aromatherapy due to its pleasant scent.